Guide to Ajuda National Palace and Museum in Lisbon

The Ajuda National Palace, once the official residence of the Portuguese royal family, is undoubtedly one of the top attractions in Lisbon. Overlooking the city from a hilltop in the Ajuda district of Lisbon, this neoclassical building houses an impressive collection of exquisite artworks and historical artifacts. Unlike the more crowded tourist spots, the Ajuda National Palace offers a tranquil and enriching experience.

The Ajuda Palace (or Palácio Nacional da Ajuda in Portuguese) is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The royal palace is a remarkable piece of architecture. It offers a unique glimpse into the lives of the rich and powerful. It also has a somewhat unfortunate history, making exploring it even more interesting. Here is what you need to know about visiting this amazing former royal residence.

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History of the Ajuda National Palace

The building of the National Palace of Ajuda was overshadowed by the many disasters that accompanied it. The devastating Lisbon earthquake of 1755 destroyed the previous royal residence, the Paço da Ribeira. Seeking a safer location, the king D. José I chose the Ajuda hill as the location of the new royal home. Unfortunately, a fire in 1794 destroyed the first palace of Ajuda, built from wood, sparing only the library and chapel.

Reconstruction began shortly after, with renowned architects like Manuel Caetano de Sousa and Francisco Xavier Fabri leading the project. However, political unrest and financial difficulties delayed the construction of this palace. By 1812, the royal family had fled to Brazil to escape the Napoleonic Wars. Despite these setbacks, the dedication to completing the palace remained strong. When the royal court returned to Lisbon in the 1820s, construction resumed. By 1861, under King Luís I, the palace became the official royal residence.

The Ajuda Palace is impressive, but what you see today is a fraction of what the original palace was supposed to look like. The initial vision to create one of the largest European palaces with gardens to match was much grander and more ambitious. In fact, the project was never finished, which is hard to believe as you tour inside it.

Lavish interiors and royal treasures

The interiors of the Ajuda Palace are a testament to royal opulence. After Luis I and his wife, Queen Maria Pia, who was an Italian princess of Savoia, moved in, they lavishly furnished and decorated. Today, you can admire the silk wallpapers, crystal chandeliers, expensive porcelain and intricately carved furniture.

The palace also has an incredible collection of precious items, including paintings, sculptures and other art pieces. One standout feature is the Winter Garden, which once housed exotic plants, flowers and live birds. There is even a fountain that gives the room a courtyard-like feeling. The room was once filled with exotic flowers, greenery and live birds. You can still see the cages they once occupied.

The private apartments are on the ground floor, while the official state rooms are on the second floor. The palace interiors also feature a fancy toilet imported from England, one of the first of its kind, which caused quite a stir in its day. There is a music room, lavish bedrooms and, of course, a throne room. The most impressive is the opulent grand dining hall where state dinners are still held today.

From royal residence to museum

Ajuda’s role as a royal residence ended in 1910 with the republic’s proclamation and the end of the monarchy. After a period of neglect, it reopened as a museum in 1968. Today, the Ajuda National Palace is one of the most important Lisbon museums, offering insight into the country’s history and cultural past. The palace houses many original items used by the royal family, allowing visitors to imagine their daily routines and lives.

The palace also includes the Ajuda Library, the Paintings Gallery of King D. Luís I, and the office of the Secretary of State for Culture. Official state ceremonies still take place here, adding to the building’s historical significance.

Architectural marvel and artistic delight

If you love architecture and arts, the Ajuda National Palace is definitely the place for you. The palace’s neoclassical style features simple geometric forms, arches, columns, and windows that provide a stunning backdrop for the exquisite décor. The Throne Room and State Dining Rooms are particularly awe-inspiring, filled with stunning chandeliers, tapestries and furniture.

How to get here

Despite its slightly off-the-beaten-path location on Calçada da Ajuda Street, the Ajuda National Palace is easily accessible. Right outside is a bus stop that takes you right into the centre of Lisbon. The palace is near the Belem Tower, another significant Lisbon landmark. It can be reached by various modes of transport. There is also ample parking nearby.

• By car: Follow 24 de Julho from Lisbon towards Belem, then turn up the Calçada da Ajuda.
• By public transport: Several bus lines (18, 729, 732, 742, 60) stop in front of the main entrance.
• By train: The nearest stop is Belem Station.

Conclusion

The Ajuda National Palace is a hidden gem in Lisbon. It offers a rich tapestry of history, culture and art. Whether you’re a history buff, an art enthusiast, or simply seeking a unique and less crowded experience in Lisbon, this palace is a must-visit. Its lavish interiors, vast collection of artifacts, and a history that is as fascinating as it is rich stand as a testament to Portugal’s royal past and cultural heritage. When in Lisbon, don’t miss the chance to add this remarkable site to your itinerary.